The external features of a guqin include the body, surface, shaft, and string axis. The body of a guqin is the main part, which can be divided into three types: long body, short body, and small body, with the long body being the mainstream. The visible part on the piano surface has seven string tracks and thirteen badges. The shaft refers to the axle used for the strings, and buyers need to check if it is in good condition and if there is excessive wear. The chord axis refers to the mechanical part used for tuning and also needs to be checked for completeness.
Guqin can be divided into cedar and tung wood qin (Wutong, not Paulownia from Henan). These two materials are not necessarily good or bad, but due to the difficulty in finding old Chinese parasol wood, most of the so-called tung wood qin nowadays is replaced by paulownia. Paulownia has an extremely fast growth cycle, so although the wood is loose and treated, its unstable wood properties greatly reduce its collection value. The price of Laoshan Qin is relatively expensive, but its wood quality is stable, and its timbre can also play better, which has high practical and collectible value. The famous Tang Dynasty Lei Qin was made of cedar wood. According to the Record of Langyi (14), Lei Wei plays the qin, without having to use all the trees. When encountering a strong wind and snow, he goes to Emei alone to drink, wearing a straw hat, and enters the deep pine. He who listens to its continuous and melodious sound cuts it down, using it as a qin, which is better than the trees. The pine here refers to Emei pine, which is also known as the Emei fir. Most of the top quality of modern pianists are made of old cedar wood. Among the ancient qin styles that exist today, there are Fuxi, Lingji, Shennong, Lianzhu, Zhongni, Shikuang, Luoxia, Jiaoye, and other qin styles, among which the most common are Zhongni, Lianzhu, Fuxi, and so on. The names of Qin style are often derived from myths, historical allusions, or natural phenomena, and each name is a symbol.
A few small details to pay attention to when choosing a guqin: 1. The body (the quality of the body determines the quality of the sound). A good guqin should be sturdy, durable, and well shaped - the strings need to be correctly installed on the body and adjusted in position. The thickness of the body should be kept uniform to ensure stable and unchanging sound quality. 2. The surface of the guqin The quality of the piano surface affects the experience of sound production and playing. A good guqin should have a flat and smooth surface that cannot be felt; the piano surface should be moderately hard, and too hard or too soft can affect the quality of the sound (Choosing the type of string is very important. Some strings have a soft tone and weak expressive power, making them unsuitable for performing high skill repertoire; while others are suitable for performing with high difficulty. Therefore, the selection of strings must be based on one is own playing habits.)
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